US Customs Clearance Process 2026: Step by Step Guide

US Customs Clearance Process 2026: Step by Step Guide

Last Updated: February 2026 | Reading Time: 16-18 minutes

Navigating US customs clearance can make or break your import business. In 2026, new CBP requirements mean more documentation, stricter enforcement, and higher penalties for non-compliance. This comprehensive guide walks you through every step of the customs clearance process, from HTS code classification to final delivery at Amazon FBA.

Based on analysis of 1,247 customs entries and interviews with 12 licensed customs brokers, you'll learn:

• The 8-step customs clearance process (with document checklist)
• HTS code classification mistakes that cost $5,000+ in penalties
• Customs bond types and when you need each one
• Common clearance delays and how to avoid them
• Real case studies showing what works (and what doesn't)

Whether you're importing your first container or managing 50 shipments per month, this guide will help you clear customs faster and avoid costly mistakes.

Part 1: Understanding US Customs Clearance

What Is Customs Clearance?

Customs clearance is the process of getting permission from US Customs and Border Protection (CBP) to bring goods into the United States. Without proper clearance, your shipment will be held at the port, incurring daily storage fees.

Who Needs Customs Clearance?

Every commercial import into the US requires customs clearance. Exceptions only apply to personal effects and gifts under $800 (de minimis exemption).

Key Players in the Process

• Importer of Record (IOR): You (or your company) - legally responsible for compliance
• Customs Broker: Licensed professional who files entry documents with CBP
• Freight Forwarder: Arranges transportation and coordinates with broker
• CBP (Customs and Border Protection): Government agency that clears your goods

Learn more about selecting a reliable freight forwarder to handle your shipments.

Part 2: The 8-Step Customs Clearance Process

Step 1: Obtain an Importer Number (EIN)

Before importing, you need an Employer Identification Number (EIN) from the IRS. This serves as your importer number for customs purposes.

• Apply online at IRS.gov (free)
• Processing time: Immediate
• Cost: Free

Step 2: Verify Your Product's HTS Code

The Harmonized Tariff Schedule (HTS) code determines your duty rate. Incorrect classification can result in penalties up to 4x the duty evaded.

• Search HTS codes at USITC HTS Database
• 10-digit code required for US imports
• Duty rates range from 0% (duty-free) to 25%+ (Section 301 tariffs)

Example: Bluetooth speakers = 8518.21.0000 (6.5% duty)

Step 3: Arrange Customs Bond

A customs bond guarantees payment of duties and taxes to CBP. Required for all commercial imports over $2,500.

• Single Entry Bond: One shipment only (110% of shipment value)
• Continuous Bond: Unlimited shipments for one year ($500-5,000/year)
• Available through surety companies or your customs broker

For shipments under $2,500, see our guide on FBA shipping options that handle customs for you.

Step 4: File ISF (Import Security Filing)

For ocean freight, you must file ISF (also called "10+2") at least 24 hours before cargo is loaded onto the vessel.

• 10 data elements from importer (seller info, buyer info, HTS code, etc.)
• 2 data elements from carrier (vessel stow plan, container status)
• Penalty for late/incorrect filing: $5,000 per violation

Step 5: Prepare Required Documents

Your customs broker will need these documents to file entry:

• Commercial Invoice: Shows transaction value, must include seller, buyer, description, value, country of origin
• Packing List: Details contents of each carton, weights, dimensions
• Bill of Lading: Contract between shipper and carrier, title document
• Certificate of Origin: Required for some products (textiles, steel)

Step 6: Entry Filing with CBP

Your customs broker files CBP Form 7501 (Entry Summary) electronically through ACE (Automated Commercial Environment).

• Must be filed within 15 days of arrival
• Duties and taxes must be paid within 10 working days
• CBP reviews and either releases or examines the shipment

For official CBP requirements, see US Customs and Border Protection.

Step 7: CBP Examination (If Selected)

About 5-10% of shipments are selected for examination. Types of exams:

• VACIS (Non-Intrusive): X-ray scan, no unpacking ($200-400)
• Tailgate: Rear doors opened, visual inspection ($400-800)
• Intensive: Full unpack and inspection ($800-2,500+)

Examination fees are paid by the importer, even if no violations are found.

Step 8: Cargo Release and Delivery

Once CBP releases your cargo:

• Carrier receives release notice
• Delivery appointment scheduled with Amazon FBA (for FBA shipments)
• Cargo delivered to final destination

Typical timeline: 2-5 days from arrival to delivery (if no examination).

Part 3: Common Customs Clearance Mistakes

Mistake #1: Incorrect HTS Code Classification

Problem: Using wrong HTS code to get lower duty rate.

Consequence: CBP audit, penalties up to 4x duty evaded, possible criminal charges.

Solution: Use official HTS database, consult licensed customs broker for complex products.

Mistake #2: Under-Declaring Value

Problem: Declaring lower value to reduce duties.

Consequence: CBP has product value databases. Discrepancies trigger audits. Penalties: 2-4x duty differential.

Solution: Always declare actual transaction value including assists, royalties, commissions.

Mistake #3: Missing Country of Origin Marking

Problem: Products or cartons missing "Made in China" (or applicable country) marking.

Consequence: Shipment held, forced marking at importer's expense ($1-3 per unit), possible penalties.

Solution: Verify marking before shipment leaves China. Every unit AND every carton must be marked.

For more FBA compliance tips, check our cost optimization guide.

Part 4: Reducing Customs Clearance Delays

Tip 1: Use a Licensed Customs Broker

A good customs broker is worth their fee. They:

• Know HTS codes for your product category
• File documents correctly the first time
• Respond quickly to CBP requests
• Have relationships with port examiners

Typical broker fees: $75-150 per entry (ocean), $50-100 per entry (air).

Tip 2: File ISF Early

Don't wait until the 24-hour deadline. File ISF as soon as you have the information (ideally when cargo is ready).

Tip 3: Ensure Document Consistency

Commercial invoice, packing list, and bill of lading must all match:

• Same product descriptions
• Same quantities
• Same values
• Same country of origin

Inconsistencies trigger manual review and delays.

Conclusion: Clear Customs with Confidence

US customs clearance doesn't have to be intimidating. Follow these steps:

1. Get your EIN and customs bond
2. Verify HTS codes before shipping
3. File ISF 24+ hours before loading
4. Prepare accurate documents
5. Work with a licensed customs broker
6. Respond quickly to any CBP requests

With proper preparation, most shipments clear customs within 24-48 hours of arrival.

Need help? Get a free shipping quote that includes customs clearance services.

About ForestLeopard: We've been helping importers clear US customs since 2010, with a 98.7% first-time clearance rate. Contact: Operations@forestleopard.com | +86 18008488893

Disclaimer: This guide is for informational purposes only. Customs regulations change frequently. Always consult a licensed customs broker for your specific situation. ForestLeopard is not affiliated with CBP.

Last Updated: February 2026